This study investigates how regional patterns of tropical sea surface temperature (SST) warming influence the propagation characteristics of the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO)—a key driver of intraseasonal tropical variability with widespread global impacts. Despite its importance, the sensitivity of MJO propagation to SST pattern changes has remained poorly understood. Read more here.
Recent research, published in Science Advances (Li et al., 2025; DOI:10.1126/sciadv.adt4195), leverages machine learning (ML) to quantify how oceanic mesoscale eddies significantly enhance the ocean's capacity to absorb atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2).
